Medical
Evaluation and Diagnostic Testing procedures should be performed prior
to beginning any treatment in order to determine the treatment process
that will be most effective. The following describes some of the evaluation
testing procedures that can be performed to help confirm the cause of
back pain.
The causes of back pain can be very complex, and there are many structures
in the lower back that can cause pain. The following are used to test
for the cause pain:
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X-RAYS
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An
X-Ray provides an image that can be used to evaluate bones, joints
and degenerative lesions in the spine.
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CAT
SCAN (CT)
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Used
primarily when problems are suspected in the bones or when a client
cant obtain an MRI
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MAGNETIC
RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI)
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The
most common test to evaluate the lumbar spine. Evaluates: *Vertebral
bones * Discs * Joints * Nerves * Soft tissues
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MYELOGRAM
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where dye is injected into the spinal column and then the area is
flexed and x-rayed.
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DISCOGRAPHY
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Discography
is a diagnostic procedure used to determine the level of the painful
disc.
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EMG
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The
EMG/Nerve Conduction Study is a useful test to study the nerves
in the arms and legs.
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BONE
DENSITY
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Bone
density testing is fast, painless, and noninvasive. During a test,
patients lie fully clothed on a padded treatment table while the
machine scans one or more areas of bone. The entire test normally
takes only minutes.
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BONE
SCAN
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A
Bone scan in Nuclear Medicine is a procedure which involves two
steps:
The client
is asked to arrive 3 hours before their actual scan to receive
an injection of a small amount of radioactive tracer that is "tagged"
to a calcium like material. Usually the tracer is injected in
a vein in the arm of the client. In some instances, other sites
of injection are used especially for those patients that had difficult
veins to find. The "radiopharmaceutical" has no side
effects and because of this, the client can be released from
the department for 3 hours to give the calcium time to circulate
and be taken up by the bone. There are no dietary restrictions
so the client may eat before and after the injection.
After the
three hours has elapsed, the client returns to the Nuclear Medicine
department for their scan. The client is placed on a table a
head to toe scan is performed by a "gamma camera".
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